Meta-Analyses & Systematic Reviews

Analysis of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in body composition assessment, from foundational research to recent military standards (Silva et al., 2013; Wells, 2014; Toomey et al., 2015).

Recent Systematic Reviews

Military Standards Review

Systematic review by Friedl et al. (2020) on body composition standards in the U.S. Military (DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usaa029):

  • Review of military body composition standards
  • Analysis of field method accuracy in military settings
  • Evaluation of operational requirements
  • Assessment of service-specific standards

Key Findings:

  • Circumference methods validated for field use
  • Standardization protocols established
  • Service-specific validation requirements identified

Clinical Assessment Methods

Meta-analysis by Silva et al. (2013) on body composition assessment methods (DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.124):

  • Systematic review of assessment methods
  • Comparison of field vs laboratory techniques
  • Analysis of measurement error sources
  • Clinical application guidelines

Key Findings:

  • Field methods validated against reference standards
  • Error ranges quantified for different methods
  • Practical recommendations established

Foundational Reviews

Laboratory and Field Methods

Systematic review by Wagner & Heyward (1999) on body composition assessment techniques:

  • Comprehensive method comparison
  • Analysis of measurement errors
  • Practical applications in field settings

Key Findings:

  • Field methods validated for population monitoring
  • Standardization protocols developed
  • Error minimization strategies identified

Pediatric Applications

Systematic review by Wells (2014) on body composition reference data (DOI: 10.3945/an.113.005371):

  • Analysis of pediatric assessment methods
  • Reference data compilation
  • Age-specific considerations

Key Findings:

  • Age-specific reference data established
  • Method selection criteria defined
  • Growth monitoring protocols developed

Research Implications

Key Findings

  • Field methods validated against laboratory standards (Silva et al., 2013)
  • Population-specific equations improve accuracy (Wells, 2014)
  • Standardized protocols essential for reliability (Wagner & Heyward, 1999)
  • Military standards established for field use (Friedl et al., 2020)

References

  • Silva, A.M., et al. (2013). “Body composition assessment methods: a systematic review and meta-analysis.” European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 67(11), 1097-1105. DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.124
  • Wells, J.C.K. (2014). “Toward body composition reference data for infants, children, and adolescents.” Advances in Nutrition, 5(3), 320S-329S. DOI: 10.3945/an.113.005371
  • Wagner, D.R., & Heyward, V.H. (1999). “Techniques of body composition assessment: a review of laboratory and field methods.” Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 70(2), 135-149.
  • Friedl, K.E., et al. (2020). “Body Composition Standards and Assessment in the U.S. Military.” Military Medicine, 185(9), e1472-e1479. DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usaa029