Method Comparison
Evidence-based comparison of body fat measurement methods based on systematic reviews by Wagner & Heyward (1999), validation studies by Jackson & Pollock (1978), and Durnin & Womersley (1974).
Method Selection Guide
General Population Methods
- Durnin-Womersley (Validated for age-specific assessment)
- US Navy Method (Validated for field use)
- Jackson-Pollock 3-Site (Balance of accuracy and time)
Research-Grade Methods
- Jackson-Pollock 7-Site (Comprehensive assessment)
- DEXA (Laboratory reference method)
- Hydrostatic Weighing (Traditional reference)
Validated Methods Comparison
Comparison based on validation studies against hydrostatic weighing and DEXA (Wagner & Heyward, 1999).
| Method | Accuracy (SEE) | Sites | Equipment | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Jackson-Pollock 7-Site | ±3.4% | 7 skinfolds | Calipers | Jackson & Pollock (1978) |
Durnin-Womersley | ±3.8% | 4 skinfolds | Calipers | Durnin & Womersley (1974) |
Jackson-Pollock 3-Site | ±3.9% | 3 skinfolds | Calipers | Jackson & Pollock (1978) |
US Navy | ±3.9% | Circumferences | Tape measure | Hodgdon & Beckett (1984) |
References
- Wagner, D.R., & Heyward, V.H. (1999). “Techniques of body composition assessment: a review of laboratory and field methods.” Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 70(2), 135-149.
- Jackson, A.S., & Pollock, M.L. (1978). “Generalized equations for predicting body density of men.” British Journal of Nutrition, 40(3), 497-504.
- Durnin, J.V.G.A., & Womersley, J. (1974). “Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness.” British Journal of Nutrition, 32(1), 77-97.
- Hodgdon, J.A., & Beckett, M.B. (1984). “Prediction of percent body fat for U.S. Navy men and women.” Naval Health Research Center Report, No. 84-11.